Crypto vs Token vs Coin: The CFO's Guide to Classification, Accounting, and Valuation
Digital asset classification starts with the difference between coins, tokens, and cryptocurrency, but the real accounting and valuation work depends on the rights each asset carries. This guide gives CFOs a practical framework for evaluating digital assets under ASC 350-60 and ASC 820, including scope analysis, principal market selection, hierarchy levels, special cases like stablecoins and NFTs, and audit-ready documentation.
What is Token Valuation? Methods, Frameworks, and New Accounting Requirements
Token valuation now requires more than pulling a price from an exchange. This article explains how companies and funds should evaluate crypto assets under ASC 350-60 and ASC 820, including scope criteria, principal market selection, restriction analysis, valuation methods, and the documentation needed to support fair value conclusions.
Why Your SaaS Company's 409A Valuation Is Not Like Other Businesses
High-growth SaaS companies require a different 409A valuation approach. Learn how recurring revenue models, growth dynamics, and safe harbor affect compliance and equity value.
How Long Does a 409A Valuation Take? The Complete Timeline Breakdown
The 409A timeline depends heavily on what happens before and after the valuation work itself. This article explains why document readiness, cap table complexity, board timing, and material events often determine whether the process takes three weeks or stretches closer to six.
How Much Does a 409A Valuation Cost: Pricing Breakdown by Stage
409A valuation costs vary by company stage, cap table complexity, timeline, and documentation needs. This guide breaks down typical pricing ranges, explains what affects cost, and helps founders and CFOs choose a provider that balances budget, audit support, and defensibility.
409A Audit Defense: How to Prove Your Valuation to the IRS
Learn how to defend a 409A valuation during IRS scrutiny, including safe harbor protection, appraiser qualifications, documentation, material events, and audit red flags.
Board Guide to 409A Valuations: Your Role, Responsibilities, and Protection
Learn what board members should review before approving a 409A valuation, including appraiser qualifications, valuation methodology, safe harbor reliance, material events, and documentation.
How to Coordinate 409A Valuations with Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS) Tax Planning: A Founder's Guide to Maximizing Tax Benefits
Learn how 409A valuations and QSBS tax planning work together, where they differ, and what founders should track around option grants, §83(b) elections, funding rounds, and exit planning.
How Geopolitical Conflict Affects Valuation Assumptions
Geopolitical conflict reshapes valuation by changing the assumptions behind discount rates, growth, margins, and scenario weighting. Here is how those inputs move and why it matters.
Auto Retail M&A: 2025 Review and 2026 Outlook
Auto dealership M&A remains active but increasingly complex. Read this to learn more about consolidation trends, valuation dispersion, and shifting buyer expectations.
The Biotech Reset: Capital Returns with Conditions
Biotech funding is returning, but on different terms. Larger late-stage rounds, a cautiously reopening IPO window, and more disciplined investors are reshaping how biotech companies raise capital and what it takes to support a defensible valuation.
The Impact of AI on SaaS
Artificial intelligence is reshaping the SaaS model. Venture capital is concentrating around AI-enabled platforms with proprietary data, outcome-based pricing, and defensible advantages that influence how software companies grow and are valued.
409A PWERM Method Explained: When Probability-Weighted Valuations Make Sense
Understand when PWERM is appropriate for 409A valuations, how it compares to OPM, and what assumptions must be defensible under audit scrutiny.
409A Valuation After a Down Round: What Founders Need to Know
After a down round, your 409A needs updating. Learn what the IRS requires, how equity value changes, and how to protect employees from tax risk.
Tokenizing Real-World Assets: What It Means for Valuation
Tokenized real-world assets are changing the way assets are owned and valued. As finance moves on-chain, valuation professionals must adapt with modern tools, broader perspective, and flexible frameworks.
Adequate Disclosure of Gifts and Transfers of Business Interests: Why Documentation Matters
Ensure business ownership transfers are IRS-defensible. Learn what adequate disclosure requires on Form 709, and other related forms, and how a well-supported valuation reduces audit risk.
Key Updates Founders Should Know About QSBS in 2025
New QSBS rules under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act expand eligibility, raise exclusion caps, and shorten holding periods. Learn what founders need to know in 2025 and how Redwood can help document eligibility through defensible valuation.
There’s Been a Major Update to QSBS and Here’s How Founders Can Benefit
New 2025 QSBS rules mean more founders can save millions in taxes. See what changed and how Redwood can help document eligibility through your 409A valuation or as a standalone engagement.
What Triggers a Goodwill Impairment Test? A Practical Guide for CFOs and Controllers
Discover the key triggers for goodwill impairment testing under ASC 350. Learn how CFOs and controllers can spot issues early, meet compliance, and avoid audit risk.
Why Fund Managers Should Reconsider Their Valuation Approach in Today’s Market
A changing market requires a recalibrated approach. With fewer financing rounds, increased audit scrutiny, and longer hold periods, fund managers can no longer rely solely on last-round pricing. Here’s why robust third-party valuations are more essential than ever for financial reporting.